USA - NY to SC

United States:
New York - South Carolina

Alabama-Georgia
Hawaii-Massachusetts
Michigan-New Mexico
South Dakota-Wyoming

NEW YORK

Upstate subject to the Iroquois League...... < c. 1600-c. 1770
To the Netherlands................................1613-1664

Directors
Adriaen Jorisszen Tienpoint..................1623-1624
Cornelis Jacobzen Mey........................1624-1625
Willem Verhulst..............................1625-1626
Directors-General
Peter Minuit (Gov. in Delaware 1638).........1626-1632
Bastiaen Jansz Krol..........................1632-1633
Wouter van Twiller...........................1633-1637
Willem Kieft.................................1638-1647
Petrus Stuyvesant............................1647-1664

To the Duke of York (Great Britain)...............1664-1688

Governors
Richard Nicolls..............................1664-1668
Francis Lovelace.............................1668-1673
Cornelis Evertsen........................Aug-Sept 1673
Anthony Colve................................1673-1674
Sir Edmund Andros............................1674-1681
Governor of the Dominion of New England 1686-91; of Virginia 1692-8; of Maryland 1693-4.

Anthony Brockholls (acting), 1681-1683

Thomas Dongan................................1683-1688
Sir Edmund Andros (restored)..............Aug-Oct 1688 (-1689)

To the Dominion of New England....................1688-1689

Francis Nicholson (lieutenant governor), 1688-1691 opposed by...

Jacob Leisler................................1689-1691

To Great Britain directly.........................1689-1777

Henry Sloughter.........................Mar.-July 1691

Richard Ingoldsby (acting), 1691-1692

Benjamin Fletcher............................1692-1697
Richard Coote, Earl of Bellomont (Mass. 1699-1700)...1698-1701

John Nanfan (acting), 1701-1702

Edward Hyde, Viscount Cornbury...............1702-1708
John Lovelace, Baron Lovelace................1708-1709

Peter Schuyler (acting), 1709
Richard Ingoldsby (restored, acting), 1709-1710
Gerardus Beekman (acting), Apr-June 1710

Robert Hunter................................1710-1719

Peter Schuyler (restored, acting), 1719-1720

William Burnet...............................1720-1728
John Montgomerie.............................1728-1731

Rip Van Dam (acting), 1731-1732

William Cosby................................1732-1736
George Clarke (acting to 1738)...............1736-1743
George Clinton (I)...........................1743-1753
Sir Danvers Osborn......................10-12 Oct 1753

James de Lancey (acting), 1753-1755

Sir Charles Hardy............................1755-1757

James de Lancey (restored; acting), 1757-1760
Cadwallader Colden (acting), 1760-1761

Robert Monckton..............................1761-1763

Cadwallader Colden (restored; acting), 1763-1765

Sir Henry Moore..............................1765-1769

Cadwallader Colden (re-restored; acting), 1769-1770

John Murray, Earl of Dunmore.................1770-1774
William Tryon................................1774-1780
James Robertson..............................1780-1783

Andrew Elliott (acting), Apr-Nov 1783

Autonomous within the Articles of Confederation...1776-1788

Chairmen of the Committee of Safety (Council of Safety from May 1777)
Nathaniel Woodhull.......................July-Aug 1776
Abraham Yates (acting to 28 Aug 1776)....Aug-Sept 1776
Peter R. Livingston..........................1776-1777
Abraham Ten Broeck........................Mar-Apr 1777

William Smith (acting), 9-11 Apr 1777
Pierre Van Cortland (acting), 11-18 Apr 1777

Leonard Gansevoort........................Apr-May 1777
Pierre Van Cortland (restored)...........May-July 1777
Governors
George Clinton (II)..........................1777-1795

Admitted as the 11th State........................1788-

John Jay (Pres., Cont. Congress 1778-9)......1795-1801
George Clinton (II) (restored)...............1801-1804
Morgan Lewis.................................1804-1807
Daniel D. Tompkins...........................1807-1817

John Tayler (acting), Feb-July 1817

DeWitt Clinton...............................1817-1823
Joseph Christopher Yates.....................1823-1825
DeWitt Clinton (restored)....................1825-1828

Nathaniel Pitcher (acting), 1828-1829

Martin Van Buren (President 1837-1841)....Jan-Mar 1829
Enos Thompson Throop (acting to 1 Jan 1831)..1829-1833
William Learned Marcy........................1833-1839
William Henry Seward.........................1839-1843
William C. Bouck.............................1843-1845
Silas Wright, Jr. ...........................1845-1847
John Young...................................1847-1849
Hamilton Fish................................1849-1851
Washington Hunt..............................1851-1853
Horatio Seymour..............................1853-1855
Myron Holley Clark...........................1855-1857
John Alsop King..............................1857-1859
Edwin Denison Morgan.........................1859-1863
Horatio Seymour (restored)...................1863-1865
Reuben Eaton Fenton..........................1865-1869
John Thompson Hoffman........................1869-1873
John Adams Dix...............................1873-1875
Samuel Jones Tilden..........................1875-1877
Lucius Robinson..............................1877-1880
Alonzo B. Cornell............................1880-1883
Grover Stephen Cleveland (Pres. 1885-9, 1893-7)...1883-1885
David Bennett Hill (acting to 1 Jan 1886)....1885-1892
Roswell Pettibone Flower.....................1892-1895
Levi Parsons Morton..........................1895-1897
Frank Swett Black............................1897-1899
Theodore Roosevelt (President 1901-1909).....1899-1901
Benjamin Barker Odell, Jr. ..................1901-1905
Frank Wayland Higgins........................1905-1907
Charles Evans Hughes.........................1907-1910

Horace White (acting), 1910-1911

John Alden Dix...............................1911-1913
William Sulzer............................Jan-Oct 1913

Martin Henry Glynn (acting), 1913-1915

Charles Seymour Whitman......................1915-1919
Alfred Emanuel Smith.........................1919-1921
Nathan Lewis Miller..........................1921-1923
Alfred Emanuel Smith (restored)..............1923-1929
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (Pres. 1933-1945)..1929-1933
Herbert Henry Lehman.........................1933-1942

Charles Poletti (acting), 1942-1943

Thomas Edmund Dewey..........................1943-1955
William Averell Harriman.....................1955-1959
Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller...................1959-1973
Charles Malcolm Wilson.......................1973-1975
Hugh Leo Carey...............................1975-1983
Mario Matthew Cuomo..........................1983-1995
George E. Pataki.............................1995-2007
Eliot Spitzer................................2007-2008
David A. Paterson............................2008-

NORTH CAROLINA

To the Cherokee (center and west).............. < 1540-1830
Cherokee About the year 1721, the British representative, Sir Alexander Cuming, persuaded the Cherokee to elect an Emperor who would represent their interests. This ruler was titled the Oukah by the Cherokee. The one elected was Moytoy and the line of emperors continued.
Oukah ("Emperors")
Moytoy.........................................c. 1721-1741
Old Hop (Lower nation only).......................1741-1761 opposed by...
Ammonscosssittee..................................1741-1752
Standing Turkey...................................1760-1763
Old Tassel........................................1763-1788
Little Turkey (Southern Division only)............1788-1804 and...
Hanging Man (Upper Division only).................. d. 1795
Black Fox.........................................1804-1808
Pathkiller........................................1808-1810
Black Fox (restored)..............................1810-1811
Pathkiller........................................1811-1827
Cherokee Nation...................................1827-1830
Principal Chiefs
John Ross.........................................1839-1866
Stand Watie (in rebellion)........................1862-1866 d. 1871
William Potter Ross...............................1866-1867
Lewis Downing.....................................1867-1872 d. 1882
Charles Thompson................................1 day, 1872
William Potter Ross (restored)....................1872-1875
Charles Thompson (restored).......................1875-1879
Dennis Wolf Bushyhead.............................1879-1888 d. 1898
Joel Bryan Mayes..................................1888-1891
Colonel Johnson Harris............................1891-1895
Samuel Houston Mayes..............................1895-1899
Thomas Mitchell Buffington........................1899-1903
William Charles Rogers............................1903-1906 d. 1917
vacant
J. Bartley Milam..................................1941-1949
William Wayne Keeler..............................1949-1975 Elect. 1971
Note; Keeler was also President of Phillips Petroleum.
Ross O. Swimmer...................................1975-1985/7
Wilma Mankiller (fem.)...........................1985/7-1991
Joe Byrd..........................................1995-1999
Chad Smith........................................1999-

North Carolina
Claimed by England................................1587-1669

Governors
William Drummond.............................1663-1667
Samuel Stephens..............................1667-1669

Proprietary Grants................................1669-1729

Peter Carteret...............................1670-1673

John Jenkins (acting), 1673-1676

Thomas Eastchurch............................1676-1677
Thomas Miller.....................................1677
Seth Sothel.......................................1678

John Harvey (acting), 1679
John Jenkins (restored; acting), 1679-1681

Seth Sothel (restored).......................1682-1689
Philipp Ludwell..............................1689-1694
John Archdale................................1694-1696
John Harvey (restored).......................1696-1699

Henderson Walker (acting), 1699-1704
Robert Daniel (acting), 1704-1705

Thomas Cary..................................1705-1706

William Glover (acting), 1706-1708
Thomas Cary (restored; acting), 1708-1710

Edward Hyde (acting to 1711).................1710-1712

Thomas Pollock (acting), 1712-1714

Charles Eden.................................1714-1722

Thomas Pollock (restored; acting), 1722

William Reed.................................1722-1724
George Burrington............................1724-1725
Richard Everard..............................1725-1731

To Great Britain directly.........................1729-1776

George Burrington (restored).................1731-1734
Gabriel Johnston.............................1734-1752
Nathaniel Rice...............................1752-1753
Matthew Rowan................................1753-1754
Arthur Dobbs.................................1754-1765
William Tryon................................1765-1771

James Hasell (acting), 1771

Josiah Martin................................1771-1776

Autonomous within the Articles of Confederation...1776-1789

Presidents of the Council of Safety
Cornelius Harnett........................July-Aug 1776
Samuel Ashe..............................Aug-Sept 1776
Willie Jones.............................Sept-Nov 1776
President of the Provincial Congress
Richard Caswell (Governor 1776-80)........Nov-Dec 1776
Governors
Abner Nash...................................1780-1781
Thomas Burke.................................1781-1782
Alexander Martin.............................1782-1785
Richard Caswell (restored)...................1785-1787
Samuel Johnston..............................1787-1789

Admitted as the 12th State........................1789-1861

Alexander Martin (restored)..................1789-1792
Richard Dobbs Spaight........................1792-1795
Samuel Ashe..................................1795-1798
William Richardson Davie.....................1798-1799
Benjamin Williams............................1799-1802
James Turner.................................1802-1805
Nathaniel Alexander..........................1805-1807
David Stone..................................1808-1810
Benjamin Smith...............................1810-1811
William Hawkins..............................1811-1814
William Miller...............................1814-1817
John Branch..................................1817-1820
Jesse Franklin...............................1820-1821
Gabriel Holmes...............................1821-1824
Hutchings Gordon Burton......................1824-1827
James Iredell................................1827-1828
John Owen....................................1828-1830
Montfort Stokes..............................1830-1832
David Lowry Swain............................1832-1835
Richard Dobbs Spaight, Jr. ..................1835-1837
Edward Bishop Dudley.........................1837-1840
John Motley Morehead.........................1841-1845
William Alexander Graham.....................1845-1849
Charles Manly................................1849-1851
David Settle Reid............................1851-1854

Warren Winslow (acting), 1854

Thomas Bragg.................................1854-1858
John Willis Ellis............................1858-1861

10th Confederate State of America.................1861-1865

Henry Toole Clark............................1861-1862
Zebulon Baird Vance..........................1862-1865

William Woods Holden (acting),1865

To the United States..............................1865-1868

Jonathan Worth...............................1865-1868

Readmitted to the Union...........................1868-

William Woods Holden (restored)..............1868-1870
Tod Robinson Caldwell........................1870-1874
Curtis Hooks Brogden.........................1874-1877
Zebulon Baird Vance (restored)...............1877-1879
Thomas Jordan Jarvis.........................1879-1885
Alfred Moore Scales..........................1885-1889
Daniel Gould Fowle...........................1889-1891
Thomas Michael Holt..........................1891-1893
Elias Carr...................................1893-1897
Daniel Lindsay Russell.......................1897-1901
Charles Brantley Aycock......................1901-1905
Robert Brodnax Glenn.........................1905-1909
William Walton Kitchin.......................1909-1913
Locke Craig..................................1913-1917
Thomas Walter Bickett........................1917-1921
Cameron Morrison.............................1921-1925
Angus Wilton McLean..........................1925-1929
Oliver Max Gardner...........................1929-1933
John Christoph Blucher Ehringhaus............1933-1937
Clyde Roark Hoey.............................1937-1941
Joseph Melville Broughton....................1941-1945
Robert Gregg Cherry..........................1945-1949
William Kerr Scott...........................1949-1953
William Bradley Umstead......................1953-1954
Luther Hartwell Hodges.......................1954-1961
James Terry Sanford..........................1961-1965
Daniel Killian Moore.........................1965-1969
Robert Walter Scott..........................1969-1973
James Eubert Holshouser, Jr. ................1973-1977
James Baxter Hunt, Jr. ......................1977-1985
James Grubbs Martin..........................1985-1993
James Baxter Hunt, Jr. (restored)............1993-2001
Michael F. Easley............................2001-

NORTH DAKOTA

Claimed by France.................................1673-1762
Claimed by Spain..................................1762-1800
To France.........................................1800-1803
To Louisiana Territory............................1803-1812
To Missouri.......................................1812-1834
To Michigan Territory.............................1834-1836
To Wisconsin Territory............................1836-1838
To Iowa...........................................1838-1849
To Minnesota Territory............................1849-1858
To Nebraska Territory.............................1858-1861
Dakota Territory (see S. Dakota for Govs.)........1861-1889
Admitted as the 39th or 40th State................1889-

John Miller..................................1889-1891
Andrew Horace Burke..........................1891-1893
Eli C. D. Shortridge.........................1893-1895
Roger Allin..................................1895-1897
Frank Arlington Briggs.......................1897-1898
Joseph McMurray Devine.......................1898-1899
Frederick Bartlett Fancher...................1899-1901
Frank White..................................1901-1905
Elmore Yocum Sarles..........................1905-1907
John Burke...................................1907-1912
Louis Benjamin Hanna.........................1913-1917
Lynn Joseph Frazier..........................1917-1921
Ragnvald Anderson Nestos.....................1921-1925
Arthur Gustav Sorlie.........................1925-1928
Walter Jeremiah Maddock......................1928-1929
George F. Shafer.............................1929-1932
William Langer...............................1932-1934

Ole H. Olson (acting), 1934-1935

Thomas Hilliard Moodie....................Jan-Feb 1935

Walter Welford (acting), 1935-1937

William Langer (restored)....................1937-1939
John Moses...................................1939-1945
Fred George Aandahl..........................1945-1951
Clarence Norman Brunsdale....................1951-1957
John Edward Davis............................1957-1961
William Lewis Guy............................1961-1973
Arthur Albert Link...........................1973-1981
Allen Ingvar Olson...........................1981-1985
George A. Sinner.............................1985-1992
Edward Thomas Schafer........................1992-2000
John Hoeven..................................2000-

OHIO

Adena Culture..............................c. BCE 1000-c. CE 200
Hopewell Culture................................c. 200-c. 700
Mississippian Culture...........................c. 700-c. 1550
Claimed by France.................................1673-1763
Occupied mostly by Shawnee in the west.........c. 1755-c. 1815
To Great Britain..................................1763-1778
To Virginia.......................................1778-1787
To the Northwest Territory........................1787-1799

Governors
Arthur St. Clair (Presid. Confed. 1787)......1788-1802

Ohio Territory....................................1799-1803

Charles W. Byrd..............................1802-1803

Admitted as the 17th State........................1803-

Edward Tiffin................................1803-1807

Thomas Kirker (acting), 1807-1808

Samuel H. Huntington.........................1808-1810
Return Jonathan Meigs, Jr. ..................1810-1814

Othneil Looker (acting), Mar-Dec 1814

Thomas Worthington...........................1814-1818
Ethan Allen Brown............................1818-1822

Allen Trimble (acting), 1822

Jeremiah Morrow..............................1822-1826
Allen Trimble (restored).....................1826-1830
Duncan McArthur..............................1830-1832
Robert Lucas.................................1832-1836
Joseph Vance.................................1836-1838
Wilson Shannon...............................1838-1840
Thomas Corwin................................1840-1842
Wilson Shannon (restored)....................1842-1844

Thomas Welles Bartley (acting) (Son of Mordecai, succeeding), Apr-Dec 1844

Mordecai Bartley (Father of Thomas W.).......1844-1846
William Bebb.................................1846-1849
Seabury Ford.................................1849-1850
Reuben Wood..................................1850-1853
William Medill (acting to 9 Jan 1854)........1853-1856
Salmon Portland Chase........................1856-1860
William Dennison, Jr. .......................1860-1862
David Tod....................................1862-1864
John Brough..................................1864-1865

Charles Anderson (acting), 1865-1866

Jacob Dolson Cox.............................1866-1868
Rutherford Birchard Hayes (President 1877-1881)...1868-1872
Edward Follansbee Noyes......................1872-1874
William Allen................................1874-1876
Rutherford Birchard Hayes (rest.;Pres 1877-81)...1876-1877

Thomas Lowry Young (acting), 1877-1878

Richard Moore Bishop.........................1878-1880
Charles Foster...............................1880-1884
George Hoadly................................1884-1886
Joseph Benson Foraker........................1886-1890
James Edwin Campbell.........................1890-1892
William McKinley, Jr. (President 1897-1901)..1892-1896
Asa Smith Bushnell...........................1896-1900
George Kilborn Nash..........................1900-1904
Myron Timothy Herrick........................1904-1906
John M. Pattison..................................1906

Andrew Lintner Harris (acting), 1906-1909

Judson Harmon................................1909-1913
James Middleton Cox..........................1913-1915
Frank Bartlett Willis........................1915-1917
James Middleton Cox (restored)...............1917-1921
Harry Lyman Davis............................1921-1923
Alvin Victor Donahey.........................1923-1929
Myers Young Cooper...........................1929-1931
George White.................................1931-1935
Martin Luther Davey..........................1935-1939
John William Bricker.........................1939-1945
Frank John Lausche...........................1945-1947
Thomas James Herbert.........................1947-1949
Frank John Lausche (restored)................1949-1957
John William Brown................................1957
C. William O'Neill...........................1957-1959
Michael Vincent DiSalle......................1959-1963
James Allen Rhodes...........................1963-1971
John Joyce Gilligan..........................1971-1975
James Allen Rhodes (restored)................1975-1983
Richard Frank Celeste........................1983-1991
George Victor Voinovich......................1991-1998
Nancy Putnam Hollister (fem.)..........31 Dec 1998-11 Jan 1999
Robert A. Taft II............................1999-2007
Ted Strickland...............................2007-

OKLAHOMA

Claimed by France.................................1673-1762
Claimed by Spain..................................1762-1800
To France.........................................1800-1803
To Louisiana Territory............................1803-1812
To Missouri.......................................1812-1834
Mandated by the USA as the Indian Territory.......1834-1906 with...

Occupied by the Cherokee (1830), Choctaw (1834), Muskogee (1836), and Seminole (1839). The Chickasaw emerged from the Choctaw as a separate tribe from 1856. Elements of the Cherokee (1862-1866) and Seminole (1866-1875) in rebellion.

Portions purchased as Oklahoma Territory.......1889/93-1907

George Washington Steele.....................1890-1891
Robert Martin................................1891-1892
Abraham Jefferson Seay.......................1892-1893
William Cary Renfrow.........................1893-1897
Cassius McDonald Barnes......................1897-1901
William Miller Jenkins............................1901
William C. Grimes.........................Nov-Dec 1901
Thompson Benton Ferguson.....................1901-1906
Frank Frantz.................................1906-1907

Admitted as the 46th State........................1907-

Charles Nathaniel Haskell....................1907-1911
Lee Cruce....................................1911-1915
Robert Lee Williams..........................1915-1919
James Brooks Ayers Robertson.................1919-1923
John Calloway Walton..............................1923
Martin Edwin Trapp...........................1923-1927
Henry Simpson Johnston.......................1927-1929
William Judson Holloway......................1929-1931
William Henry David Murray...................1931-1935
Ernest Whitworth Marland.....................1935-1939
Leon Chase Phillips..........................1939-1943
Robert Samuel Kerr...........................1943-1947
Roy Joseph Turner............................1947-1951
Johnston Murray..............................1951-1955
Raymond Dancel Gary..........................1955-1959
James Howard Edmondson.......................1959-1963
George Patterson Nigh.............................1963
Henry Louis Bellmon..........................1963-1967
Dewey Follett Bartlett.......................1967-1971
David Hall...................................1971-1975
David Lyle Boren.............................1975-1979
George Patterson Nigh (restored).............1979-1987
Henry Louis Bellmon (restored)...............1987-1991
David Lee Walters............................1991-1995
Francis Anthony Keating III..................1995-2003
Brad Henry...................................2003-

OREGON

To the United States..............................1804-1848 with...
Joint occupation by Great Britain.................1818-1846
Oregon Territory..................................1848-1859

Chairman of the Executive Committee
George Abernethy.............................1845-1849
Governors
Joseph Lane..................................1849-1850
Kintzing Prichette.......................June-Aug 1850
John Pollard Gaines..........................1850-1853
Joseph Lane (restored)..................16-19 May 1853
George Law Curry..........................May-Dec 1853
John Wesley Davis............................1853-1854
George Law Curry (restored)..................1854-1856

Benjamin Franklin Harding (acting), 1856

George Law Curry (re-restored)...............1856-1859

Admitted as the 33rd State........................1859-

John Whiteaker...............................1859-1862
Addison Crandall Gibbs.......................1862-1866
George Lemuel Woods (Gov. Utah Terr. 1871-5).1866-1870
La Fayette Grover............................1870-1877
Stephen Fowler Chadwick......................1877-1878
William Wallace Thayer.......................1878-1882
Zenas Ferry Moody............................1882-1887
Sylvester Pennoyer...........................1887-1895
William Paine Lord...........................1895-1899
Theodore Thurston Geer.......................1899-1903
George Earle Chamberlain.....................1903-1909

Frank Williamson Benson (acting), 1909-1910
Jay Bowerman (acting), 1910-1911

Oswald West..................................1911-1915
James Withycombe.............................1915-1919

Ben Wilson Olcott (acting), 1919-1923

Walter Marcus Pierce.........................1923-1927
Isaac Lee Patterson..........................1927-1929

Albin Walter Norblad, Jr. (acting), 1929-1931

Julius L. Meier..............................1931-1935
Charles Henry Martin.........................1935-1939
Charles Aarthur Sprague......................1939-1943
Earl Wilcox Snell............................1943-1947

John Hubert Hall (acting), 1947-1949

Douglas James McKay..........................1949-1952
Paul Linton Patterson (acting to 10 Jan 1955)1952-1956

Elmo E. Smith (acting), 1956-1957

Robert Denison Holmes........................1957-1959
Mark Odom Hatfield...........................1959-1967
Thomas Lawson McCall.........................1967-1975
Robert William Straub........................1975-1979
Victor George Atiyeh.........................1979-1987
Neil Goldschmidt.............................1987-1991
Barbara Roberts (fem.)........................1991-1995
John A. Kitzhaber............................1995-2003
Ted Kulongoski...............................2003-

PENNSYLVANIA

To the Iroquois League (north and central).....c. 1650-c. 1765
Swedish control in the lower Delaware Basin.......1643-1655
To the Netherlands................................1655-1664
To the Duke of York...............................1664-1681
Proprietary Colony................................1681-1776

Governors
William Markham..............................1681-1682
William Penn.................................1682-1684

Thomas Lloyd (President of Council), 1684-1688

John Blackwell...............................1688-1690
Thomas Lloyd (restored; Pr. Cncl. to Mar 91).1690-1693
William Markham (restored)...................1693-1699
William Penn (restored)......................1699-1701
Andrew Hamilton..............................1701-1703

Edward Shippen (President of Council), 1703-1704

John Evans...................................1704-1709
Charles Gookin...............................1709-1717
Sir William Keith............................1717-1726
Patrick Gordon...............................1726-1736

James Logan (President of Council), 1736-1738

George Thomas................................1738-1747

Anthony Palmer (President of Council), 1747-1748

James Hamilton...............................1748-1754
Robert Hunter Morris.........................1754-1756
William Denny................................1756-1759
James Hamilton (restored)....................1759-1763
John Penn....................................1763-1771

James Hamilton (re-restored; President of Council), May-Oct 1771

Richard Penn.................................1771-1773
John Penn (restored).........................1773-1776

Autonomous within the Articles of Confederation...1776-1787

Chairmen of the Committee of Safety
Owen Biddle................................4 July 1776
George Clymer............................4-8 July 1776
Owen Biddle (restored).....................8 July 1776
James Mease (restored).....................9 July 1776
Owen Biddle (re-restored).................10 July 1776
Alexander Wilcocks........................11 July 1776
Samuel Howell.............................12 July 1776
James Mease (restored)....................15 July 1776
Owen Biddle (re-re-restored)..............16 July 1776
James Biddle..............................17 July 1776
Alexander Wilcocks (restored)..........19-22 July 1776
Chairmen of the Council of Safety
David Rittenhouse......................24-26 July 1776
Samuel Morris.............................27 July 1776
David Rittenhouse (restored)...........29-31 July 1776
Samuel Morris (restored)....................1 Aug 1776
Thomas Wharton..............................2 Aug 1776
David Rittenhouse (re-restored)...........5-6 Aug 1776
President of the Council of Safety, then (1777) of the Supreme Executive Council
Thomas Wharton (restored)....................1776-1778

George Bryan (acting), May-Dec 1778

Joseph Reed..................................1778-1781
William Moore (acting to 14 Nov 1781)........1781-1782

James Potter (acting), Oct-Nov 1782

John Dickinson...............................1782-1785

Charles Biddle (acting), 10-18 Oct 1785

Benjamin Franklin............................1785-1788

Admitted as the 2nd State.........................1787-

David Redick (acting), Oct-Nov 1788

Thomas Mifflin (Governor from 1790)..........1788-1799
Governors
Thomas McKean................................1799-1808
Simon Snyder.................................1808-1817
William Findlay..............................1817-1820
Joseph Hiester...............................1820-1825
John Andrew Shulze...........................1825-1829
George Wolf..................................1829-1835
Joseph Ritner................................1835-1839
David Rittenhouse Porter.....................1839-1845
Francis Rawn Shunk...........................1845-1848
William Fraeme Johnston......................1848-1852
William Bigler...............................1852-1855
James Pollock................................1855-1858
William Fisher Packer........................1858-1861
Andrew Gregg Curtin..........................1861-1867
John White Geary.............................1867-1873
John Frederick Hartranft.....................1873-1879
Henry Martyn Hoyt............................1879-1883
Robert Emory Pattison........................1883-1887
James Addams Beaver..........................1887-1891
Robert Emory Pattison (restored).............1891-1895
Daniel Hartman Hastings......................1895-1899
William Alexis Stone.........................1899-1903
Samuel Whitaker Pennypacker..................1903-1907
Edwin Sydney Stuart..........................1907-1911
John Kinley Tener............................1911-1915
Martin Grove Brumbaugh.......................1915-1919
William Cameron Sproul.......................1919-1923
Gifford Pinchot..............................1923-1927
John Stuchell Fisher.........................1927-1931
Gifford Pinchot (restored)...................1931-1935
George Howard Earle III......................1935-1939
Arthur Horace James..........................1939-1943
Edward Martin................................1943-1947
John Cromwell Bell, Jr. .................2-21 Jan 1947
James Henderson Duff.........................1947-1951
John Sydney Fine.............................1951-1955
George Michael Leader........................1955-1959
David Leo Lawrence...........................1959-1963
William Warren Scranton......................1963-1967
Raymond Philip Shafer........................1967-1971
Milton Jerrold Shapp.........................1971-1979
Richard Lewis Thornburgh.....................1979-1987
Robert Patrick Casey.........................1987-1995
Thomas Joseph Ridge..........................1995-2001
Mark S. Schweiker............................2001-2003
Edward G. Rendell............................2003-

RHODE ISLAND

Settled from Massachusetts........................1636-1663
Proprietary Colony................................1663-1687

Presidents
John Coggeshall..............................1647-1648
Jeremy Clarke................................1648-1649
John Smith...................................1649-1650
Nicholas Easton..............................1650-1651

Newport and Portsmouth
Governors
William Coddington...........................1651-1653
John Sanford.................................1653-1654

Providence and Warwick
Presidents
Samuel Gorton................................1651-1652
John Smith (restored)........................1652-1653
Gregory Dexter...............................1653-1654

All once more...
Presidents
Nicholas Easton (restored)...............May-Sept 1654
Roger Williams...............................1654-1657
Benedict Arnold..............................1657-1660
William Brenton..............................1660-1662
Benedict Arnold (restored)...................1662-1663
Governors
Benedict Arnold..............................1663-1666
William Brenton..............................1666-1669
Benedict Arnold (restored)...................1669-1672
Nicholas Easton..............................1672-1674
William Coddington...........................1674-1676
Walter Clarke................................1676-1677
Benedict Arnold (re-restored)................1677-1678
William Coddington (restored).............Aug-Nov 1678
John Cranston................................1678-1680
Peleg Sanford................................1680-1683
William Coddington, Jr. .....................1683-1685
Henry Bull...................................1685-1686
Walter Clarke (restored).................May-June 1686

John Coggeshall (acting), 1686-1687

To the Dominion of New England....................1687-1689
Proprietary Colony once again.....................1689-1779

Henry Bull (restored)........................1689-1690
John Easton..................................1690-1695
Caleb Carr...................................1695-1696
Walter Clarke (re-restored)..................1696-1698
Samuel Cranston..............................1698-1727
Joseph Jenckes...............................1727-1732
William Wanton...............................1732-1733
John Wanton..................................1734-1740
Richard Ward.................................1740-1743
William Greene...............................1743-1745
Gideon Wanton................................1745-1746
William Greene (restored)....................1746-1747
Gideon Wanton (restored).....................1747-1748
William Greene (re-restored).................1748-1755
Stephen Hopkins..............................1755-1757
William Greene (re-re-restored)..............1757-1758
Stephen Hopkins (restored)...................1758-1762
Samuel Ward..................................1762-1763
Stephen Hopkins (re-restored)................1763-1765
Samuel Ward (restored).......................1765-1767
Stephen Hopkins (re-re-restored).............1767-1768
Josias Lyndon................................1768-1769
Joseph Wanton................................1769-1775
Nicholas Cooke...............................1775-1778

Autonomous within the Articles of Confederation...1776-1790

William Greene, Jr. .........................1778-1786
John Collins.................................1786-1790

Admitted as the 13th State........................1790-

Arthur Fenner................................1790-1805

Paul Mumford (acting), 1805
Henry Smith (acting), 1805-1806
Isaac Wilbour (acting), 1806-1807

James Fenner.................................1807-1811
William Jones................................1811-1817
Nehemiah Rice Knight.........................1817-1821

Edward Wilcox (acting), 1821

William Channing Gibbs.......................1821-1824
James Fenner (restored)......................1824-1831
Lemuel Hastings Arnold.......................1831-1833
John Brown Francis...........................1833-1838
William Sprague..............................1838-1839
Samuel Ward King (acting to 1840)............1839-1843
James Fenner (re-restored)...................1843-1845
Charles Jackson..............................1845-1846
Byron Diman..................................1846-1847
Elisha Harris................................1847-1849
Henry Bowen Anthony..........................1849-1851
Philip Allen.................................1851-1853

Francis M. Dimond (acting), 1853-1854

William Warner Hoppin........................1854-1857
Elisha Dyer..................................1857-1859
Thomas Goodwin Turner........................1859-1860
William Sprague..............................1860-1863
William Cole Cozzens......................Mar-May 1863
James Y. Smith...............................1863-1866
Ambrose Everett Burnside.....................1866-1869
Seth Padelford...............................1869-1873
Henry Howard.................................1873-1875
Henry Lippitt................................1875-1877
Charles Collins Van Zandt....................1877-1880
Alfred Henry Littlefield.....................1880-1883
Augustus Osborn Bourn........................1883-1885
George Peabody Wetmore.......................1885-1887
John William Davis...........................1887-1888
Royal Chapin Taft............................1888-1889
Herbert Warren Ladd..........................1889-1890
John William Davis (restored)................1890-1891
Herbert Warren Ladd (restored)...............1891-1892
Daniel Russell Brown.........................1892-1895
Charles Warren Lippitt.......................1895-1897
Elisha Dyer III..............................1897-1900
William Gregory..............................1900-1901
Charles Dean Kimball.........................1901-1903
Lucius Fayette Clark Garvin..................1903-1905
George Herbert Utter.........................1905-1907
James Henry Higgins..........................1907-1909
Aram J. Pothier..............................1909-1915
Robert Livingston Beeckman...................1915-1921
Emery John San Souci.........................1921-1923
William Smith Flynn..........................1923-1925
Aram J. Pothier (restored)...................1925-1928
Norman Stanley Case..........................1928-1933
Theodore Francis Green.......................1933-1937
Robert Emmet Quinn...........................1937-1939
William Henry Vanderbilt.....................1939-1941
James Howard McGrath.........................1941-1945
John Orlando Pastore.........................1945-1950
John Sammon McKiernan........................1950-1951
Dennis Joseph Roberts........................1951-1959
Christopher Del Sesto........................1959-1961
John Anthony Notte, Jr. .....................1961-1963
John Hubbard Chafee..........................1963-1969
Frank Licht..................................1969-1973
Philip William Noel..........................1973-1977
John Joseph Garrahy..........................1977-1985
Edward Daniel DiPrete........................1985-1991
Bruce G. Sundlun.............................1991-1995
Lincoln C. Almond............................1995-2003
Don Carcieri.................................2003-

SOUTH CAROLINA

The Cherokee (northwest)....................... < 1540-1830
Proprietary Grants................................1669-1729

William Sayle................................1669-1671
Joseph West..................................1671-1672
Sir John Yeamans.............................1672-1674
Joseph West (restored).......................1674-1682
Joseph Morton................................1682-1684
Richard Kyrle.....................................1684
Robert Quarry................................1684-1685
Joseph West (re-restored).........................1685
Joseph Morton (restored).....................1685-1686
James Colleton...............................1686-1690
Seth Sothell.................................1690-1692
Philip Ludwell...............................1692-1693
Thomas Smith.................................1693-1694
Joseph Blake......................................1694
John Archdale................................1694-1696
Joseph Blake (restored)......................1696-1700
James Moore..................................1700-1703
Sir Nathaniel Johnson........................1703-1708
Edward Tynte.................................1709-1710
Robert Gibbes................................1710-1711
Charles Craven...............................1711-1716
Robert Daniel................................1716-1717
Robert Johnson...............................1717-1719
James Moore..................................1719-1721
Francis Nicholson............................1721-1725
Arthur Middleton.............................1725-1729

To Great Britain directly.........................1729-1781

Robert Johnson (restored)....................1729-1735

Thomas Broughton (acting), 1735-1737
William Bull (acting), 1737-1743

James Glen...................................1743-1756
William Henry Lyttelton......................1756-1760

William Bull (acting), 1760-1761

Thomas Boone.................................1761-1764

William Bull (restored; acting), 1764-1766

Charles Greville Montagu.....................1766-1773

William Bull (re-restored; acting), 1773-1775

William Campbell.............................1775-1776

Autonomous within the Articles of Confederation...1776-1788
Presidents

John Rutledge................................1776-1778
Rawlins Lowndes..............................1778-1779

Governors

John Rutledge (restored).....................1779-1782
John Mathews.................................1782-1783
Benjamin Guerard.............................1783-1785
William Moultrie.............................1785-1787
Thomas Pinckney..............................1787-1789

Admitted as the 8th State.........................1788-1860

Charles Pinckney.............................1789-1792
William Moultrie (restored)..................1792-1794
Arnoldus Vanderhorst.........................1794-1796
Charles Pinckney (restored)..................1796-1798
Edward Rutledge..............................1798-1800
John Drayton.................................1800-1802
James Burchill Richardson....................1802-1804
Paul Hamilton................................1804-1806
Charles Pinckney (re-restored)...............1806-1808
John Drayton (restored)......................1808-1810
Henry Middleton..............................1810-1812
Joseph Alston................................1812-1814
David Rogerson Williams......................1814-1816
Andrew Rickens...............................1816-1817
John Geddes..................................1818-1820
Thomas Bennett...............................1820-1822
John Lyde Wilson.............................1822-1824
Richard Irvine Manning.......................1824-1826
John Taylor..................................1826-1828
Stephen Decatur Miller.......................1828-1830
James Hamilton, Jr. .........................1830-1832
Robert Young Hayne...........................1832-1834
George McDuffie..............................1834-1836
Pierce Mason Butler..........................1836-1838
Patrick Noble................................1838-1840

Barnabas Kelet Henagan (acting), 1840

John Peter Richardson........................1840-1842
James Henry Hammond..........................1842-1844
William Aiken................................1844-1846
David Johnson................................1846-1848
Whitemarsh Benjamin Seabrook.................1848-1850
John Hugh Means..............................1850-1852
John Laurence Manning........................1852-1854
James Hopkins Adams..........................1854-1856
Robert Francis Withers Allston...............1856-1858
William Henry Gist...........................1858-1860

Technically independent......................Dec. 1860-Feb. 1861

Francis Wilkinson Pickens....................1860-1862

1st Confederate State of America..................1861-1865

Milledge Luke Bonham.........................1862-1864
Andrew Gordon Magrath........................1864-1865

Benjamin Franklin Perry (acting), 1865

To the United States..............................1865-1868

James Lawrence Orr...........................1866-1868

Readmitted to the Union...........................1868-

Edward R. S. Canby (acting), 1868

Robert Kingston Scott........................1868-1872
Franklin J. Moses, Jr. ......................1872-1874
Daniel Henry Chamberlain.....................1874-1876
Wade Hampton.................................1876-1879

William Dunlap Simpson (acting), 1879-1880

Thomas Bothwell Jeter.............................1880
Johnson Hagood...............................1880-1882
Hugh Smith Thompson..........................1882-1886

John Calhoun Sheppard (acting), 1886

John Peter Richardson........................1886-1890
Benjamin Ryan Tillman........................1890-1894
John Gary Evans..............................1894-1897
William Haselden Ellerbe.....................1897-1899
Miles Benjamin McSweeney.....................1899-1903
Duncan Clinch Heyward........................1903-1907
Martin Frederick Ansel.......................1907-1911
Coleman Livingston Blease....................1911-1915

Charles Aurelius Smith (acting), 1915

Richard Irvine Manning.......................1915-1919
Robert Archer Cooper.........................1919-1922
Wilson Godfrey Harvey........................1922-1923
Thomas Gordon McLeod.........................1923-1927
John Gardiner Richards.......................1927-1931
Ibra Charles Blackwood.......................1931-1935
Olin DeWitt Talmadge Johnston................1935-1939
Burnet Rhett Maybank.........................1939-1941
Joseph Emile Harley..........................1941-1942
Richard Manning Jeffries.....................1942-1943
Olin DeWitt Talmadge Johnston (restored).....1943-1945
Ransome Judson Williams......................1945-1947
James Strom Thurmond.........................1947-1951
James Francis Byrnes.........................1951-1955
George Bell Timmerman, Jr. ..................1955-1959
Ernest Frederick Hollings....................1959-1963
Donald Stuart Russell........................1963-1965
Robert Evander McNair........................1965-1971
John Carl West...............................1971-1975
James Burrows Edwards........................1975-1979
Richard Wilson Riley.........................1979-1987
Carroll Ashmore Campbell, Jr. ...............1987-1995
David M. Beasley.............................1995-1999
Jim Hodges...................................1999-2003
Marshall (Mark) Clement Sanford, Jr. ........2003-

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